Acidic film on the skin that determines the skin’s pH of 4.5-5.5, as well as protects the stratum corneum from damaging environmental factors and harmful bacteria. Made of oils, fatty acids, lactic acid, amino acids, and water. When stripped, skin feels tight and dry and is more prone to acne.
Hair follicles, or pores, that are clogged with sebum, hair, and bacteria result in acne. Hormones can also cause acne. Six different types of acne exist.
Draws bacteria, excess sebum, and dirt to the surface of the skin Helps prevent acne and the overproduction of oil Clears pores
Ingredients that are skin lighteners, sunscreens, anti-aging, or anti-acne FDA regulated because of their potential to irritate the skin Usually in low percentages to prevent irritation AHAs, BHAs, retinol, sulfur, hydroquinone, oxibenzone, vitamin C, and kojic acid are a few examples
A prescription Vitamin A derivative that treats acne Works by reducing the formation of keratin surface skin cells that clog pores and cause acne
Dark spots that are a result of your skin overproducing melanin Appear more with age Can be prevented and treated with consistent use of sunscreen and AHAs
A tyrosinase inhibitor that treats dark spots and hyperpigmentation by preventing the formation of melanin deposits in the skin
Alpha hydroxy acids, or AHA’s, are chemical exfoliants. The most commonly known are lactic and glycolic acid. Mandelic acid, citrus acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid are other alpha hydroxy acids. They can be used in peels or daily exfoliants, depending on the percentage they are used at.
Serums with a higher concentration of active ingredients that are used to treat specific skin concerns and deliver more emphasized results.
Ingredients that work to protect the skin against environmental factors.
